建立急诊中毒亚专业对患者住院时间、住院费用及预后的影响

The influence of establishing a sub-specialty of emergency poisoning on the length of hospital stay, hospitalization cost and prognosis of patients

关键词: 中毒亚专业  住院时间  住院费用  预后

Keywords: poisoning sub-specialty  length of hospital stay  hospitalization cost  prognosis

摘 要: 目的 评估建立急诊中毒亚专业对患者住院时间、住院费用及预后的影响。方法 采用回顾性病例对照研究,收集南京医科大学第一附属医院急诊中毒亚专业建立前(2015年1月1日—2016年12月31日)与建立后(2021年2月1日—2023年1月31日)急性中毒住院患者临床资料,采用χ²检验与非参数检验比较两组患者住院时间、住院费用及预后,并根据患者住院病房类别进行亚组分析。结果 本研究共纳入251例患者,急诊中毒亚专业建立前115例、建立后136例。两组患者住院时间、住院费用、预后差异均无统计学意义。亚组分析结果显示,中毒亚专业建立后,普通病房患者住院时间减少(P=0.018),住院费用与预后较建立前差异无统计学意义;建立前后EICU患者住院时间、住院费用、预后差异均无统计学意义。结论 建立急诊中毒亚专业后轻症中毒患者住院时间减少,节约床位资源,同时在全球医疗通胀大背景下,住院费用仍保持相对稳定,对公共卫生事业发展产生有利影响。

Abstract: Objective To evaluate the effect of establishing a sub-specialty of emergency poisoning on the length of hospital stay, hospitalization cost and prognosis of hospitalized patients with poisoning. Methods A retrospective case-control study was conducted to collect the clinical data of hospitalized patients with acute poisoning before (January 1,2015 to December 31,2016) and after (February 1, 2021 to January 31, 2023) the establishment of the emergency poisoning sub-specialty in The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University. Chi-square test and non-parametric test were used to compare the length of hospital stay, hospitalization cost and prognosis of the two groups of patients. Subgroup analysis was performed according to the type of inpatient ward. Results A total of 251 patients were included in this study, including 115 cases before and 136 cases after the establishment of the poisoning sub-specialty. There were no significant differences in the length of hospital stay, hospitalization cost and prognosis between the two groups. The results of subgroup analysis showed that after the establishment of the poisoning sub-specialty, the length of stay of patients in general wards was reduced (P=0.018), and there was no significant difference in hospitalization cost and prognosis. There was no significant difference in the length of stay, hospitalization cost and prognosis of EICU patients before and after the establishment of poisoning sub-specialty. Conclusion The establishment of a poisoning sub-specialty can reduce the length of hospital stay of patients with mild poisoning, save bed resources, and keep the hospitalization expenses relatively stable under the background of global medical inflation, which has a favorable impact on the development of public health.