不同期别矽肺患者的临床特征分析

Clinical characterization of patients with silicosis in different time periods

关键词: 矽肺  血常规  肺功能

Keywords: Silicosis, routine blood test, pulmonary function

摘 要: 目的：分析不同期别矽肺患者的临床特征包括生活质量评分、胸部CT、肺功能和血常规、血沉相关指标的区别。方法：选取94例男性矽肺患者作为研究对象，进行不同期别矽肺患者的临床特征分析。结果：随着矽肺期别的增加，矽肺患者生活质量评分（得分越低提示生活质量越好）明显升高（P＜0.05），且呼出气一氧化氮（FeNO）及肺功能指标：FVC%pre、FEV1%pre和1秒率（FEV1/FVC%)均显著下降，差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)，尤其是叁期患者的下降最为显著，贰期矽肺患者中性粒细胞和血沉明显高于壹期患者，差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论：了解矽肺病的临床特征对于不同期别矽肺患者的临床干预有重要意义，能为采取针对性个性化的治疗策略提供依据。

Abstract: Silicosis is one of the most common types of pneumoconiosis and is characterised by a chronic inflammatory response in the airways and progressive pulmonary fibrosis. The persistent airway inflammatory response induced by silica dust exposure can accelerate the progression of fibrosis. To date, no drugs or means have been found to cure silicosis, so understanding the clinical features of silicosis is particularly important for clinical interventions in patients with different silicosis subgroups. In this paper, chest CT, exhaled breath nitric oxide measurement, lung function, blood routine, blood sedimentation and other indicators of occupational silicosis were analysed to explore the clinical manifestations of silicosis in patients with different syngeneic silicosis and to provide the basis for adopting targeted and individualised therapeutic strategies.