2013—2024 年中国医务人员工作相关肌肉骨骼疾患的 Meta 分析

Work-related musculoskeletal disorders among Chinese healthcare workers from 2013 to 2024: A Meta-analysis

关键词: 医务人员  工作相关肌肉骨骼疾患(WMSDs)  Meta 分析

Keywords: healthcare workers  work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs)  Meta-analysis

摘 要: 目的 通过 Meta 分析评估中国内地医务人员工作相关肌肉骨骼疾患(WMSDs)发生率及其影响因素,为医务人员 WMSDs 的预防、干预及相关政策制定提供依据。方法 检索中国知网(CNKI)、万方、维普、PubMed 及 Web of Science 数据库,筛选 2013 年 1 月至 2024 年 8 月发表的相关横断面研究。采用 Stata 16. 0 软件进行 Meta 分析,并通过亚组分析、敏感性分析及发表偏移分析探讨研究结果的稳定性。结果 共纳入 28 篇文献, 合并样本量 32 138 例。Meta 分析结果显示,医务人员 WMSDs 合并发生率 72.0%(95%CI: 61.0%,82.0%) (P<0.001)。亚组分析结果显示,颈部是医务人员 WMSDs 最常见发病部位(60.2%);其次为下背部/腰部(56.3%)和肩部(50.3%)。医务人员 WMSDs 发生率可能受年龄、工龄、文化程度等因素影响。年龄>40 岁医务人员 WMSDs 发生率高于≤40 岁者(77.8% vs.74.0%, P<0.001);本科及以上医务人员 WMSDs 发生率高于专科及以下者(84.2% vs.81.3%,P<0.001);已婚医务人员 WMSDs 发生率高于未婚者(83.4% vs.77.2%,P<0.001)。结论 我国医务人员 WMSDs 发生率较高, 且受多种因素影响。年龄较大及文化程度较高的医务人员 WMSDs 发生风险相对较高,颈部下背部/腰部和肩部为 WMSDs 高发部位。本研究为制定医务人员 WMSDs 的预防与干预措施提供依据,以期降低我国内地医务人员 WMSDs 的发生率。

Abstract: Objective This study aims to evaluate the prevalence and associated risk factors of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) among healthcare workers in the Chinese mainland using a Meta-analysis to inform the development of prevention strategies, interventions and policies. Methods Relevant cross-sectional studies published between January 2013 and August 2024 were retrieved from CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, PubMed and Web of Science databases. Meta-analysis was performed using Stata 16.0 software. In addition, subgroup analysis, sensitivity analysis, and publication bias analysis were conducted to examine the stability of the results. Results A total of 28 studies comprising 32 138 participants were included in the study, with a pooled WMSDs prevalence of 72.0% (95%CI: 61.0%, 82.0%) (P<0.001). Subgroup analysis revealed that the neck was the most affected region (60.2%), followed by the lower back/waist (56.3%) and shoulders (50.3%). The prevalence of WMSDs among healthcare workers may be affected by factors such as age, years of service, and educational level. Healthcare workers aged over 40 years had a higher prevalence of WMSDs than those aged 40 years and below (77.8% vs.74.0%, P<0.001). Those with a bachelor􀆳s degree or higher had a higher prevalence than those with a junior college degree or lower (84.2% vs. 81.3%, P<0.001), and married healthcare workers had a higher prevalence than those unmarried (83.4% vs.77.2%, P<0.001). Conclusion The prevalence of WMSDs among healthcare workers in China is relatively high and is influenced by several factors. Healthcare workers aged over 40 years old and those with higher educational levels are at a relatively higher risk of developing WMSDs, with the neck, lower back/waist, and shoulders being the main affected regions. This study provides a basis for formulating prevention and intervention measures to reduce the prevalence of WMSDs among healthcare workers in the Chinese mainland.