硝酸及氢氟酸混合气体致干眼症 3 例临床分析

Clinical analysis on three cases of dry eye syndrome caused by mixed gas of nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid

关键词: 硝酸  氢氟酸  中毒  干眼症

Keywords: nitric acid  hydrofluoric acid  poisoning  dry eye syndrome

摘 要: 硝酸及氢氟酸均是具有极强腐蚀性的酸性物质。本文对 3 例硝酸及氢氟酸混合气体中毒致干眼症患者的临床资料进行分析。3 例患者在酸性气体暴露后 24 h 内就诊,均有不同程度的眼部干涩、刺痛等临床表现。给予药物修复眼表损伤、维持泪膜稳定性、减轻炎症反应,并联合睑板腺按摩治疗后,2 例患者治疗 2~6 周症状缓解, 1 例患者干眼症状持续 5 个月,后期进一步加强抗炎治疗后症状明显改善。提示化学物质暴露所致眼表损伤值得关注。治疗早期给予稳定泪膜、加强抗炎药物的联合使用,可显著改善患者视觉和眼部舒适度。

Abstract: Nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid are both highly corrosive acidic substances. This article analyzes the clinical date of three patients with dry eye syndrome caused by mixed gas poisoning of nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid. Three patients got medical treatment within 24 hours after exposure to acidic gases and all had clinical manifestations such as dryness and stinging in the eyes to varying degrees. After the administration of drugs to repair ocular surface damage, maintain the stability of the tear film, and reduce inflammatory response, combined with meibomian gland massage treatment, the symptom of two patients were relieved after 2 to 6 weeks of treatment, while the dry eye symptoms of one patient persisted for 5 months. After further strengthening antiinflammatory treatment in the later stage the symptoms improved significantly. It is suggested that ocular surface damage caused by chemical substances deserves attention. In the early stage of treatment, the combined use of stabilizing the tear film and strengthening anti-inflammatory drugs can significantly improve the patient􀆳s visual and ocular comfort.