2023年青海省职业病发病状况分析

Analysis on current situation of occupational disease incidence in Qinghai province in 2023

关键词: 职业病诊断  职业病危害  防治对策

Keywords: diagnosis of occupational diseases  occupational hazards  prevention and control measures

摘 要: 目的 分析 2023 年青海省职业病危害现状和职业病防治机构工作现状,为制定职业病防治政策和措施提供参考。方法 以职业病及健康危害因素监测信息系统为数据来源,分析 2023 年青海省职业病诊断情况。调查职业健康检查和职业病诊断机构的地区分布及工作现状。结果 2023 年青海省新诊断并报告职业病 237 例,以尘肺病为主,接尘工龄<5 年矽肺患者占 37.50%。病例数顺位第二的疾病是布鲁菌病,以兽医服务行业人员为主。正己烷中毒发生在小型企业。4 家职业病诊断机构和 32 家职业健康检查机构开展工作,7 家职业卫生技术服务机构均在西宁市。结论 尘肺病仍是青海省重点职业病,职业卫生技术服务机构地区分布不均, 部分地区职业健康检查能力不足。应从职业病危害源头治理、能力建设和用人单位责任落实等方面持续采取有效措施,不断提升职业病防治水平。

Abstract: Objective To analyze the status of occupational hazards and the work status of occupational disease prevention and control institutions in Qinghai province in 2023, and to provide reference for the formulation of occupational disease prevention and control policies and measures. Methods Occupational Disease and Health Hazard Factor Monitoring Information System was used as the data source to analyze the diagnosis of occupational diseases in Qinghai province in 2023. To investigate the regional distribution and work status of occupational health examination and occupational disease diagnosis institutions. Results In 2023, 237 cases of occupational diseases were newly diagnosed and reported in Qinghai province, mainly pneumoconiosis. Silicosis patients with less than 5 years of exposure to dust accounted for 37.50%. The second most common disease was brucellosis, and most of cases were found in veterinary service workers. N-hexane poisoning occured in small enterprises. Four occupational disease diagnosis institutions and 32 occupational health examination institutions carried out the work, and 7 occupational health technical service institutions were all in Xining city. Conclusion Pneumoconiosis is still a key occupational disease in Qinghai province. The regional distribution of occupational health technical service institutions is uneven, and the ability of occupational health examination is insufficient in some areas. Effective measures should be continuously taken from the source control of occupational hazards, capacity building, and responsibility implementation of employers to continuously improve the level of occupational disease prevention and control.