职业健康检查个体结论质量控制及效果评价

Quality control of individual occupational health examination conclusion and effectiveness evaluation

关键词: 职业健康检查  个体结论  质量控制

Keywords: occupational health examination  individual conclusion  quality control

摘 要: 目的 分析职业健康检查个体结论质量控制方法及效果,为提高职业健康检查个体结论报告的质量水平提供依据。方法 收集 2020 年 1 月至 2023 年 12 月广东省职业病防治院职业健康检查个体结论报告数据,对干预前后、不同干预阶段职业健康检查个体结论错误、“五选一”选择错误、血压录入错误及错误原因进行数据整理和统计分析。结果 相较于干预前,干预后第一阶段和第二阶段的个体结论错误率分别从 1.71‰下降至 0.82‰和 0.28‰,错误率明显降低(P<0.01);第二阶段干预后错误率明显低于第一阶段(P<0.01)。干预后接触噪声、苯、甲苯及二甲苯危害职业健康检查个体结论错误率、“五选一”选择错误和血压录入错误的错误率均明显降低(P<0.01)。分析个体结论总检错误的原因: (1)系统设置问题, (2)遗漏重要阳性结果,(3)对标准理解不充分。干预后几种原因的错误均有所减少,尤其在第二阶段干预后错误份数明显减少(P<0.01)。结论 本研究对职业健康检查个体结论质量管理的干预措施效果较好,可明显降低个体结论的错误率。

Abstract: Objective To analyze the methods and effects of quality control of individual conclusions in occupational health examinations, and to provide a basis for improving the quality of individual conclusion reports in occupational health examinations. Methods The data of individual conclusion reports of occupational health examinations in Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment from January 2020 to December 2023 were collected, the data were sorted out and statistically analyze for individual conclusion errors, “one of five choices” selection errors, blood pressure input errors, and the reasons for the errors before and after the intervention. Results Compared with before the intervention, the individual conclusion error rates in the first and second stages after the intervention decreased from 1.71‰ to 0.82‰ and 0.28‰, respectively, and the error rates decreased significantly (P<0.01). The error rate after the second stage of intervention was significantly lower than that of the first stage (P<0.01). After the intervention, the individual conclusion error rates of noise, benzene, toluene and xylene, the error rates of “one of five choices” selection errors and blood pressure input errors all decreased significantly (P<0.01). The reasons for the errors in the overall test of individual conclusions were as follows: (1) system setting issues, (2) omission of important positive results, (3) inadequate understanding of the standards. After the intervention, the number of errors caused by several reasons all decreased, especially after the second stage of intervention, the number of error copies was significantly reduced (P<0.01). Conclusion The intervention measures for the quality management of individual conclusions in occupational health examinations in this study has a good effect and can significantly reduce the error rate of individual conclusions.